This code sample is adapted from Clifford B. Anderson and Joseph C. Wicentowski, XQuery for Humanists (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2020), 138. Download this code sample in its raw form. View the source on GitHub.

declare function local:find-string($test as xs:string?) as xs:string? {
    if ($test) then
        "I found a string"
    else 
        ()
};

local:find-string(())